Heat
Heat is a waste product of many engineering activities. A typical example being the dumping of hot coolant water from electricity generating stations into rivers or the sea. This is not so prevalent today as increasingly stringent energy saving measures are applied. However, where it does happen, river and sea temperatures can be raised sufficiently in the region of the heat outlet to destroy natural aquatic life. Chemical waste
Chemical waste dumped directly into rivers and the sea, or on to land near water, can cause serious pollution that can wipe out aquatic life in affected areas. There is also the long-term danger that chemicals dumped on soil will soak through the soil into the ground water, which we use for drinking purposes and which will, therefore, require additional purification
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